Properly link flecs library

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
+cmake_policy(SET CMP0063 NEW)
+
+project(flecs_c_examples LANGUAGES C)
+
+set(FLECS_DIR ../..)
+set(CUR_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
+add_subdirectory(${FLECS_DIR} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/flecs)
+
+include(../../cmake/target_default_compile_options.cmake)
+include(../../cmake/target_default_compile_warnings.cmake)
+include(../../cmake/target_default_compile_functions.cmake)
+
+list_targets(EXAMPLES)
+
+foreach (EXAMPLE ${EXAMPLES})
+    create_target_c(${EXAMPLE} "")
+    create_target_c(${EXAMPLE} "static")
+endforeach ()

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/basics/include/basics.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "basics/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/basics/include/basics/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/basics/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+    "id": "basics",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "author": "Jane Doe",
+        "description": "A simple hello world flecs application",
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ]
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/basics/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#include <basics.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Walking);
+
+    // Create an entity with name Bob
+    ecs_entity_t bob = ecs_set_name(ecs, 0, "Bob");
+
+    // The set operation finds or creates a component, and sets it.
+    ecs_set(ecs, bob, Position, {10, 20});
+    // The add operation adds a component without setting a value. This is
+    // useful for tags, or when adding a component with its default value.    
+    ecs_add(ecs, bob, Walking);
+
+    // Get the value for the Position component
+    const Position *ptr = ecs_get(ecs, bob, Position);
+    printf("{%f, %f}\n", ptr->x, ptr->y);
+
+    // Overwrite the value of the Position component
+    ecs_set(ecs, bob, Position, {20, 30});
+
+    // Create another named entity
+    ecs_entity_t alice = ecs_set_name(ecs, 0, "Alice");
+    ecs_set(ecs, alice, Position, {10, 20});
+    ecs_add(ecs, alice, Walking);
+
+    // Print all the components the entity has. This will output:
+    //    Position, Walking, (Identifier,Name)
+    char *str = ecs_type_str(ecs, ecs_get_type(ecs, alice));
+    printf("[%s]\n", str);
+    ecs_os_free(str);
+
+    // Remove tag
+    ecs_remove(ecs, alice, Walking);
+
+    // Iterate all entities with Position
+    ecs_iter_t it = ecs_term_iter(ecs, &(ecs_term_t){ .id = ecs_id(Position) });
+    while (ecs_term_next(&it)) {
+        Position *p = ecs_field(&it, Position, 1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            printf("%s: {%f, %f}\n", ecs_get_name(ecs, it.entities[i]),
+                p[i].x, p[i].y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output
+    //  {10.000000, 20.000000}
+    //  [Position, Walking, (Identifier,Name)]
+    //  Alice: {10.000000, 20.000000}
+    //  Bob: {20.000000, 30.000000}
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/fwd_declare_component/include/fwd_declare_component.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef FWD_DECLARE_COMPONENT_H
+#define FWD_DECLARE_COMPONENT_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "fwd_declare_component/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/fwd_declare_component/include/fwd_declare_component/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef FWD_DECLARE_COMPONENT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define FWD_DECLARE_COMPONENT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/fwd_declare_component/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "fwd_declare_component",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/fwd_declare_component/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#include <fwd_declare_component.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// This example shows how to use utility macro's to forward declare and use a 
+// component. The ECS_COMPONENT automatically declares a variable that holds a
+// component id, but this variable is scoped to the function only. When trying
+// to access the component from another function, this typically causes errors
+// that look like this:
+//   "FLECS_IDComponentNameID" is undefined
+//
+// Forward declaring a component will make the component id available from other
+// functions, which fixes this error.
+
+// The component type
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+// The forward declaration of the component id variable. This variable will have
+// the name FLECS_IDPositionID, to ensure its name won't conflict with the type.
+ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Position);
+
+// When you want forward declare a component from a header, make sure to use the
+// extern keyword to prevent multiple definitions of the same variable:
+//
+// In the header:
+//   extern ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Position);
+//
+// In *one* of the source files:
+//  ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Position);
+
+
+// To forward declare entities created with ECS_ENTITY, ECS_TAG or ECS_PREFAB,
+// use ECS_DECLARE.
+ECS_DECLARE(Wizard);
+
+// Regular entity handles can also be forward declared
+ecs_entity_t Platoon_1;
+
+ecs_entity_t create_npc(ecs_world_t *world) {
+    ecs_entity_t result = ecs_new(world, 0);
+    
+    // Without the forward declaration, this would have thrown a compiler error
+    ecs_set(world, result, Position, {10, 20});
+    ecs_add(world, result, Wizard);
+
+    // An entity that's not declared using the utility macro's can be added with
+    // ecs_add_id. This has the same effect, with as only difference that this
+    // function doesn't look for a variable named FLECS_EPlatoon_1
+    ecs_add_id(world, result, Platoon_1);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *world = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    // Register the component and assign the forward declared variable.
+    ECS_COMPONENT_DEFINE(world, Position);
+
+    // Same for the tag
+    ECS_TAG_DEFINE(world, Wizard);
+
+    // A forward declared entity can be assigned as any variable
+    Platoon_1 = ecs_new_id(world);
+
+    // Create new entity with Position
+    ecs_entity_t e = create_npc(world);
+    const Position *p = ecs_get(world, e, Position);
+    printf("{%f, %f}\n", p->x, p->y);
+
+    // To access the component id variable directly, use the ecs_id macro:
+    printf("Id of Position is %u\n", 
+        (uint32_t)ecs_id(Position)); // the cast avoids formatting warnings
+
+    return ecs_fini(world);
+
+    // Output:
+    //  {10.000000, 20.000000}
+    //  Id of Position is 497
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hierarchy/include/hierarchy.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef HIERARCHY_H
+#define HIERARCHY_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "hierarchy/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hierarchy/include/hierarchy/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef HIERARCHY_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define HIERARCHY_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hierarchy/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+    "id": "hierarchy",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "author": "Jane Doe",
+        "description": "A simple hello world flecs application",
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ]
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hierarchy/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#include <hierarchy.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+// Forward declare component so we can use it from functions other than main
+ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Position);
+
+void iterate_tree(ecs_world_t *ecs, ecs_entity_t e, Position p_parent) {
+    // Print hierarchical name of entity & the entity type
+    char *path_str = ecs_get_fullpath(ecs, e);
+    char *type_str = ecs_type_str(ecs, ecs_get_type(ecs, e));
+    printf("%s [%s]\n", path_str, type_str);
+    ecs_os_free(type_str);
+    ecs_os_free(path_str);
+
+    // Get entity position
+    const Position *ptr = ecs_get(ecs, e, Position);
+    
+    // Calculate actual position
+    Position p_actual = {ptr->x + p_parent.x, ptr->y + p_parent.y};
+    printf("{%f, %f}\n\n", p_actual.x, p_actual.y);
+
+    // Iterate children recursively
+    ecs_iter_t it = ecs_children(ecs, e);
+    while (ecs_children_next(&it)) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            iterate_tree(ecs, it.entities[i], p_actual);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT_DEFINE(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Star);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Planet);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Moon);
+
+    // Create a simple hierarchy.
+    // Hierarchies use ECS relationships and the builtin flecs::ChildOf relationship to
+    // create entities as children of other entities.
+
+    ecs_entity_t sun = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "Sun");
+    ecs_add(ecs, sun, Star);
+    ecs_set(ecs, sun, Position, {1, 1});
+
+        ecs_entity_t mercury = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "Mercury");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, mercury, EcsChildOf, sun);
+        ecs_add(ecs, mercury, Planet);
+        ecs_set(ecs, mercury, Position, {1, 1});
+
+        ecs_entity_t venus = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "Venus");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, venus, EcsChildOf, sun);
+        ecs_add(ecs, venus, Planet);
+        ecs_set(ecs, venus, Position, {2, 2});
+
+        ecs_entity_t earth = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "Earth");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, earth, EcsChildOf, sun);
+        ecs_add(ecs, earth, Planet);
+        ecs_set(ecs, earth, Position, {3, 3});
+
+            ecs_entity_t moon = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "Moon");
+            ecs_add_pair(ecs, moon, EcsChildOf, earth);
+            ecs_add(ecs, moon, Moon);
+            ecs_set(ecs, moon, Position, {0.1, 0.1});
+
+    // Is the Moon a child of Earth?
+    printf("Child of Earth? %d\n", ecs_has_pair(ecs, moon, EcsChildOf, earth));
+
+    // Do a depth-first walk of the tree
+    iterate_tree(ecs, sun, (Position){0, 0});
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hooks/include/hooks.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef HOOKS_H
+#define HOOKS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "hooks/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hooks/include/hooks/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef HOOKS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define HOOKS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hooks/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "id": "hooks",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ]
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/hooks/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#include <hooks.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Component hooks are callbacks that can be registered for a type that are
+// invoked during different parts of the component lifecycle.
+
+typedef struct {
+    char *value; // Pointer to external memory
+} String;
+
+// Resource management hooks. The convenience macros hide details of
+// the callback signature, while allowing hooks to be called on multiple 
+// entities.
+
+// The constructor should initialize the component value.
+ECS_CTOR(String, ptr, {
+    ecs_trace("Ctor");
+    ptr->value = NULL;
+})
+
+// The destructor should free resources.
+ECS_DTOR(String, ptr, {
+    ecs_trace("Dtor");
+    ecs_os_free(ptr->value);
+})
+
+// The move hook should move resources from one location to another.
+ECS_MOVE(String, dst, src, {
+    ecs_trace("Move");
+    ecs_os_free(dst->value);
+    dst->value = src->value;
+    src->value = NULL; // This makes sure the value doesn't get deleted twice,
+                       // as the destructor is still invoked after a move.
+})
+
+// The copy hook should copy resources from one location to another.
+ECS_COPY(String, dst, src, {
+    ecs_trace("Copy");
+    ecs_os_free(dst->value);
+    dst->value = ecs_os_strdup(src->value);
+})
+
+// This callback is used for the add, remove and set hooks. Note that the
+// signature is the same as systems, triggers, observers.
+void hook_callback(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    ecs_world_t *world = it->world;
+    ecs_entity_t event = it->event;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        ecs_entity_t e = it->entities[i];
+        ecs_trace("%s: %s", 
+            ecs_get_name(world, event), ecs_get_name(world, e));
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *world = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(world, String);
+    ECS_TAG(world, Tag);
+
+    ecs_set_hooks(world, String, {
+        /* Resource management hooks. These hooks should primarily be used for
+         * managing memory used by the component. */
+        .ctor = ecs_ctor(String),
+        .move = ecs_move(String),
+        .copy = ecs_copy(String),
+        .dtor = ecs_dtor(String),
+
+        /* Lifecycle hooks. These hooks should be used for application logic. */
+        .on_add = hook_callback,
+        .on_remove = hook_callback,
+        .on_set = hook_callback
+    });
+
+    ecs_log_set_level(0);
+
+    ecs_entity_t e = ecs_new_entity(world, "Entity");
+
+    ecs_trace("ecs_add(world, e, String)");
+    ecs_log_push();
+        ecs_add(world, e, String);
+    ecs_log_pop();
+
+    ecs_trace("ecs_set(world, e, String, {\"Hello World\"})");
+    ecs_log_push();
+        ecs_set(world, e, String, {ECS_CONST_CAST(char*, "Hello World")});
+    ecs_log_pop();
+
+    // This operation changes the entity's archetype, which invokes a move
+    ecs_trace("ecs_add(world, e, Tag)");
+    ecs_log_push();
+        ecs_add(world, e, Tag);
+    ecs_log_pop();
+
+    ecs_trace("ecs_delete(world, e)");
+    ecs_log_push();
+        ecs_delete(world, e);
+    ecs_log_pop();
+
+    ecs_log_set_level(-1);
+
+    return ecs_fini(world);
+
+    // Output:
+    //   info: ecs_add(world, e, String)
+    //   info: | Ctor
+    //   info: | OnAdd: Entity
+    //   info: ecs_set(world, e, String, {"Hello World"})
+    //   info: | Copy
+    //   info: | OnSet: Entity
+    //   info: ecs_add(world, e, Tag)
+    //   info: | Ctor
+    //   info: | Move
+    //   info: | Dtor
+    //   info: ecs_delete(world, e)
+    //   info: | OnRemove: Entity
+    //   info: | Dtor
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/iterate_components/include/iterate_components.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef ITERATE_COMPONENTS_H
+#define ITERATE_COMPONENTS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "iterate_components/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/iterate_components/include/iterate_components/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef ITERATE_COMPONENTS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define ITERATE_COMPONENTS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/iterate_components/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+    "id": "iterate_components",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "author": "Jane Doe",
+        "description": "A simple hello world flecs application",
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/entities/iterate_components/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#include <iterate_components.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position, Velocity;
+
+void iterate_components(ecs_world_t *ecs, ecs_entity_t e) {
+    // First get the entity's type, which is a vector of (component) ids.
+    const ecs_type_t *type = ecs_get_type(ecs, e);
+
+    // 1. The easiest way to print the components is to use ecs_type_str
+    char *type_str = ecs_type_str(ecs, type);
+    printf("ecs_type_str: %s\n\n", type_str);
+    ecs_os_free(type_str);
+
+    // 2. To print individual ids, iterate the type array with ecs_id_str
+    const ecs_id_t *type_ids = type->array;
+    int32_t i, count = type->count;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < count; i ++) {
+        ecs_id_t id = type_ids[i];
+        char *id_str = ecs_id_str(ecs, id);
+        printf("%d: %s\n", i, id_str);
+        ecs_os_free(id_str);
+    }
+
+    printf("\n");
+
+    // 3. we can also inspect and print the ids in our own way. This is a
+    // bit more complicated as we need to handle the edge cases of what can be
+    // encoded in an id, but provides the most flexibility.
+    for (i = 0; i < count; i ++) {
+        ecs_id_t id = type_ids[i];
+
+        printf("%d: ", i);
+
+        if (ECS_HAS_ID_FLAG(id, PAIR)) { // See relationships
+            ecs_entity_t rel = ecs_pair_first(ecs, id);
+            ecs_entity_t tgt = ecs_pair_second(ecs, id);
+            printf("rel: %s, tgt: %s",
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, rel), ecs_get_name(ecs, tgt));
+        } else {
+            ecs_entity_t comp = id & ECS_COMPONENT_MASK;
+            printf("entity: %s", ecs_get_name(ecs, comp));
+        }
+
+        printf("\n");
+    }
+
+    printf("\n\n");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    // Ordinary components
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Velocity);
+
+    // A tag
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Human);
+
+    // Two tags used to create a pair
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Eats);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Apples);
+
+    // Create an entity which all of the above
+    ecs_entity_t Bob = ecs_new_id(ecs);
+
+    ecs_set(ecs, Bob, Position, {10, 20});
+    ecs_set(ecs, Bob, Velocity, {1, 1});
+    ecs_add(ecs, Bob, Human);
+    ecs_add_pair(ecs, Bob, Eats, Apples);
+
+    // Iterate & components of Bob
+    printf("Bob's components:\n");
+    iterate_components(ecs, Bob);
+
+    // We can use the same function to iterate the components of a component
+    printf("Position's components:\n");
+    iterate_components(ecs, ecs_id(Position));
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}
+
+// Output:
+
+// Bob's components:
+// ecs_type_str: Position,Velocity,Human,(Eats,Apples)
+
+// 0: Position
+// 1: Velocity
+// 2: Human
+// 3: (Eats,Apples)
+
+// 0: entity: Position
+// 1: entity: Velocity
+// 2: entity: Human
+// 3: rel: Eats, tgt: Eats
+
+
+// Position's components:
+// ecs_type_str: EcsComponent,(Identifier,Name),(Identifier,Symbol),(OnDelete,Panic)
+
+// 0: Component
+// 1: (Identifier,Name)
+// 2: (Identifier,Symbol)
+// 3: (OnDelete,Panic)
+
+// 0: entity: Component
+// 1: rel: Identifier, tgt: Identifier
+// 2: rel: Identifier, tgt: Identifier
+// 3: rel: OnDelete, tgt: OnDelete

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/explorer/include/explorer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef EXPLORER_H
+#define EXPLORER_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "explorer/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/explorer/include/explorer/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef EXPLORER_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define EXPLORER_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/explorer/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "explorer",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "public": false,
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ]
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/explorer/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#include <explorer.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+    double value;
+} Mass;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    // Passing in the command line arguments will allow the explorer to display
+    // the application name.
+    ecs_world_t *world = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_IMPORT(world, FlecsUnits);
+    ECS_IMPORT(world, FlecsMonitor); // Collect statistics periodically
+
+    // Mass component
+    ECS_COMPONENT(world, Mass);
+
+    ecs_struct(world, {
+        .entity = ecs_id(Mass),
+        .members = {
+            { .name = "value", .type = ecs_id(ecs_f64_t), .unit = EcsKiloGrams}
+        }
+    });
+
+    // Simple hierarchy
+    ecs_entity_t Sun = ecs_new_entity(world, "Sun");
+    ecs_set(world, Sun, Mass, {1.988500e31});
+
+    ecs_set_scope(world, Sun);
+    ecs_entity_t Earth = ecs_new_entity(world, "Earth");
+    ecs_set(world, Earth, Mass, {5.9722e24});
+
+    ecs_set_scope(world, Earth);
+    ecs_entity_t Moon = ecs_new_entity(world, "Moon");
+    ecs_set(world, Moon, Mass, {7.34767309e22});
+
+    // Restore default hierarchy scope to root
+    ecs_set_scope(world, 0);
+    
+    // Run application with REST interface. When the application is running,
+    // navigate to https://flecs.dev/explorer to inspect it!
+    //
+    // See docs/RestApi.md#explorer for more information.
+    return ecs_app_run(world, &(ecs_app_desc_t){
+        .enable_rest = true
+    });
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/hello_world/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+.bake_cache
+.DS_Store
+.vscode
+gcov
+bin

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/hello_world/include/hello_world.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef HELLO_WORLD_H
+#define HELLO_WORLD_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "hello_world/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/hello_world/include/hello_world/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef HELLO_WORLD_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define HELLO_WORLD_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/hello_world/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+    "id": "hello_world",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "author": "Jane Doe",
+        "description": "A simple hello world flecs application",
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ]
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/hello_world/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#include <hello_world.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x;
+    double y;
+} Position, Velocity;
+
+/* Move system implementation. System callbacks may be called multiple times,
+ * as entities are grouped in tables by which components they have, and each 
+ * table has its own set of component arrays. */
+void Move(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    Position *p = ecs_field(it, Position, 1);
+    Velocity *v = ecs_field(it, Velocity, 2);
+
+    /* Print the set of components for the iterated over entities */
+    char *type_str = ecs_table_str(it->world, it->table);
+    printf("Move entities with [%s]\n", type_str);
+    ecs_os_free(type_str);
+
+    /* Iterate entities for the current table */
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        p[i].x += v[i].x;
+        p[i].y += v[i].y;
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    /* Create the world */
+    ecs_world_t *world = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    /* Register components */
+    ECS_COMPONENT(world, Position);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(world, Velocity);
+
+    /* Register system */
+    ECS_SYSTEM(world, Move, EcsOnUpdate, Position, Velocity);
+
+    /* Register tags (components without a size) */
+    ECS_TAG(world, Eats);
+    ECS_TAG(world, Apples);
+    ECS_TAG(world, Pears);
+
+    /* Create an entity with name Bob, add Position and food preference */
+    ecs_entity_t Bob = ecs_new_entity(world, "Bob");
+    ecs_set(world, Bob, Position, {0, 0});
+    ecs_set(world, Bob, Velocity, {1, 2});
+    ecs_add_pair(world, Bob, Eats, Apples);
+
+    /* Run systems twice. Usually this function is called once per frame */
+    ecs_progress(world, 0);
+    ecs_progress(world, 0);
+
+    /* See if Bob has moved (he has) */
+    const Position *p = ecs_get(world, Bob, Position);
+    printf("Bob's position is {%f, %f}\n", p->x, p->y);
+
+    return ecs_fini(world);
+
+    // Output
+    //  Move entities with [Position, Velocity, (Identifier,Name), (Eats,Apples)]
+    //  Move entities with [Position, Velocity, (Identifier,Name), (Eats,Apples)]
+    //  Bob's position is {2.000000, 4.000000}
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/modules/simple_module/include/simple_module.h

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#ifndef SIMPLE_MODULE_H
+#define SIMPLE_MODULE_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "simple_module/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Component types
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position, Velocity;
+
+// Global variables that hold component ids
+extern ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Position);
+extern ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Velocity);
+
+// Module import function
+void SimpleModuleImport(ecs_world_t *world);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/modules/simple_module/include/simple_module/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef SIMPLE_MODULE_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define SIMPLE_MODULE_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/modules/simple_module/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "simple_module",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/modules/simple_module/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#include <simple_module.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+void PrintPosition(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    Position *p = ecs_field(it, Position, 1);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        printf("p = {%f, %f} (system)\n", p[i].x, p[i].y);
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *world = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    // Import module which calls the SimpleModuleImport function
+    ECS_IMPORT(world, SimpleModule);
+
+    // Create system that uses component from module. Note how the component
+    // identifier is prefixed with the module.
+    ECS_SYSTEM(world, PrintPosition, EcsOnUpdate, simple.module.Position);
+
+    // Create entity with components imported from module
+    ecs_entity_t e = ecs_set(world, 0, Position, {10, 20});
+                     ecs_set(world, e, Velocity, {1, 2});
+
+    // Call progress which runs imported Move system
+    ecs_progress(world, 0);
+
+    // Use component from module in operation
+    const Position *p = ecs_get(world, e, Position);
+    printf("p = {%f, %f} (get)\n", p->x, p->y);
+
+    return ecs_fini(world);
+
+    // Output:
+    //   p = {11.000000, 22.000000} (system)
+    //   p = {11.000000, 22.000000} (get)
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/modules/simple_module/src/simple_module.c

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include <simple_module.h>
+
+ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Position);
+ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Velocity);
+
+void Move(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    Position *p = ecs_field(it, Position, 1);
+    Velocity *v = ecs_field(it, Velocity, 2);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        p[i].x += v[i].x;
+        p[i].y += v[i].y;
+    }
+}
+
+void SimpleModuleImport(ecs_world_t *world) {
+    // Create the module entity. The PascalCase module name is translated to a
+    // lower case path for the entity name, like "simple.module".
+    ECS_MODULE(world, SimpleModule);
+
+    // All contents of the module are created inside the module's namespace, so
+    // the Position component will be created as simple.module.Position
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT_DEFINE(world, Position);
+    ECS_COMPONENT_DEFINE(world, Velocity);
+
+    ECS_SYSTEM(world, Move, EcsOnUpdate, Position, Velocity);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/basics/include/basics.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "basics/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/basics/include/basics/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/basics/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "basics",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/basics/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#include <basics.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Observers provide a mechanism for responding to builtin and user defined
+// events. They are similar to systems, in that they have the same callback
+// signature and use the same query interface to match with entities, but 
+// instead of a phase they have an event kind.
+//
+// The most commonly used builtin events are:
+//  - EcsOnAdd: a component was added
+//  - EcsOnRemove: a component was removed
+//  - EcsOnSet: a component's value was changed
+//
+// The EcsOnAdd and EcsOnRemove events are only thrown when a component is 
+// actually added or removed. If an application invokes ecs_add and the entity
+// already has the component, no event is emitted. Similarly, if an application
+// invokes ecs_remove for a component the entity doesn't have, no event is 
+// emitted. That is in contrast to EcsOnSet, which is invoked each time ecs_set 
+// or ecs_modified is invoked.
+//
+// Observers are different from component hooks in a number of ways:
+//  - A component can only have one hook, whereas it can match many observers
+//  - A hook matches one component, whereas observers can match complex queries
+//  - Hooks are for add/set/remove events, observers can match custom events.
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+void Observer(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = it->world;
+    
+    // The event kind
+    ecs_entity_t event = it->event;
+
+    // The (component) id for which the event was emitted
+    ecs_entity_t event_id = it->event_id;
+
+    // Get component values as usual
+    Position *p = ecs_field(it, Position, 1);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        ecs_entity_t e = it->entities[i];
+
+        if (event == EcsOnAdd) {
+            // No assumptions about the component value should be made here. If 
+            // a ctor for the component was registered it will be called before
+            // the EcsOnAdd event, but a value assigned by set won't be visible.
+            printf(" - OnAdd: %s: %s\n", 
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, e));
+        } else {
+            // EcsOnSet or EcsOnRemove event
+            printf(" - %s: %s: %s: {%f, %f}\n", 
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, event), 
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, e),
+                p[i].x, p[i].y);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+
+    // The ecs_observer macro (which calls the ecs_observer_init function) can
+    // be used to create an observer.
+    ecs_observer(ecs, {
+        // Observer filter. Uses same ecs_filter_desc_t as systems/queries
+        .filter = { .terms = {{ .id = ecs_id(Position) }}},
+        // Events the observer will listen for. Can contain multiple events
+        .events = { EcsOnAdd, EcsOnRemove },
+        // Observer callback
+        .callback = Observer
+    });
+
+    // Alternatively an observer can be created with the ECS_OBSERVER macro:
+    ECS_OBSERVER(ecs, Observer, EcsOnSet, Position);
+
+    // Create entity
+    ecs_entity_t e = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e");
+    
+    // Set Position (emits EcsOnAdd and EcsOnSet)
+    ecs_set(ecs, e, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    // Remove component (emits EcsOnRemove)
+    ecs_remove(ecs, e, Position);
+
+    // Remove component again (no event is emitted)
+    ecs_remove(ecs, e, Position);
+
+    ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output
+    //   - OnAdd: Position: e
+    //   - OnSet: Position: e: {10.000000, 20.000000}
+    //   - OnRemove: Position: e: {10.000000, 20.000000}
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/custom_event/include/custom_event.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef CUSTOM_EVENT_H
+#define CUSTOM_EVENT_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "custom_event/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/custom_event/include/custom_event/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef CUSTOM_EVENT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define CUSTOM_EVENT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/custom_event/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "custom_event",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/custom_event/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#include <custom_event.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Observers can be used to match custom events. Custom events can be emitted
+// using the ecs_emit function. This function is also used by builtin events,
+// so builtin and custom events use the same rules for matching with observers.
+//
+// An event consists out of three pieces of data used to match with observers:
+//  - An single event kind (EcsOnAdd, EcsOnRemove, ...)
+//  - One or more event ids (Position, Velocity, ...)
+//  - A source (either an entity or a table)
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+void Observer(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = it->world;
+    
+    // The event kind
+    ecs_entity_t event = it->event;
+
+    // The (component) id for which the event was emitted
+    ecs_entity_t event_id = it->event_id;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        ecs_entity_t e = it->entities[i];
+
+        printf(" - %s: %s: %s\n", 
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event), 
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, e));
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+
+    // Create custom event
+    ecs_entity_t MyEvent = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "MyEvent");
+
+    // Create observer for custom event
+    ECS_OBSERVER(ecs, Observer, MyEvent, Position);
+
+    // Create entity
+    ecs_entity_t e = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e");
+    
+    // The observer filter can be matched against the entity, so make sure it
+    // has the Position component before emitting the event. This does not 
+    // trigger the observer yet.
+    ecs_set(ecs, e, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    // Emit the custom event
+    ecs_emit(ecs, &(ecs_event_desc_t) {
+        .event = MyEvent,
+        .ids = &(ecs_type_t){ (ecs_id_t[]){ ecs_id(Position) }, 1 }, // 1 id
+        .entity = e
+    });
+
+    ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output
+    //    - MyEvent: Position: e
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/entity_event/include/entity_event.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef ENTITY_EVENT_H
+#define ENTITY_EVENT_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "entity_event/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/entity_event/include/entity_event/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef ENTITY_EVENT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define ENTITY_EVENT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/entity_event/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "entity_event",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/entity_event/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#include <entity_event.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Entity events are events that are emitted and observed for a specific entity.
+// They are a thin wrapper around regular observers, which match against queries
+// instead of single entities. While they work similarly under the hood, entity
+// events provide a much simpler API.
+//
+// An entity event only needs two pieces of data:
+// - The entity on which to emit the event
+// - The event to emit
+//
+// Any (_) is provided as component, indicating that we're not emitting an event 
+// for a specific component but rather for the entity itself.
+
+// Event without payload
+ECS_TAG_DECLARE(Click);
+
+// Event with payload
+typedef struct {
+    double width, height;
+} Resize;
+
+ECS_COMPONENT_DECLARE(Resize);
+
+void OnClick(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    // The event source can be obtained with ecs_field_src(1). This allows the
+    // same event function to be used for different entities.
+    char *path = ecs_get_fullpath(it->world, ecs_field_src(it, 1));
+    printf("clicked on %s!\n", path);
+    ecs_os_free(path);
+}
+
+void OnResize(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    // Event payload can be obtained from the it->param member
+    Resize *p = it->param;
+    char *path = ecs_get_fullpath(it->world, ecs_field_src(it, 1));
+    printf("resized %s to {%.0f, %.0f}!\n", path, p->width, p->height);
+    ecs_os_free(path);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_TAG_DEFINE(ecs, Click);
+    ECS_COMPONENT_DEFINE(ecs, Resize);
+
+    // Create a widget entity
+    ecs_entity_t widget = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "MyWidget");
+
+    // Create entity observer. Use EcsAny to indicate we're not interested in
+    // matching specific components.
+    ecs_observer(ecs, {
+        .filter.terms = {{ .id = EcsAny, .src.id = widget }},
+        .events = { Click },
+        .callback = OnClick
+    });
+
+    // Create another one for the Resize event
+    ecs_observer(ecs, {
+        .filter.terms = {{ .id = EcsAny, .src.id = widget }},
+        .events = { ecs_id(Resize) },
+        .callback = OnResize
+    });
+
+    // Emit the Click event
+    ecs_emit(ecs, &(ecs_event_desc_t) {
+        .event = Click,
+        .entity = widget
+    });
+
+    // Emit the Resize event
+    ecs_emit(ecs, &(ecs_event_desc_t) {
+        .event = ecs_id(Resize),
+        .entity = widget,
+        .param = &(Resize){100, 200} // pass payload
+    });
+
+    ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output
+    //  clicked on MyWidget!
+    //  resized MyWidget to {100, 200}!
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/monitor/include/monitor.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef MONITOR_H
+#define MONITOR_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "monitor/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/monitor/include/monitor/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef MONITOR_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define MONITOR_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/monitor/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "monitor",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/monitor/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#include <monitor.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// A monitor observer triggers when an entity starts/stop matching the observer
+// filter. The observer communicates whether an entity is "entering/leaving" the
+// monitor by setting ecs_iter_t::event to EcsOnAdd (for entering) or 
+// EcsOnRemove (for leaving).
+//
+// To specify that an observer is a monitor observer, the EcsMonitor tag must be
+// provided as event. No additional event kinds should be provided for a monitor
+// observer.
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position, Velocity;
+
+void Observer(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = it->world;
+
+    ecs_entity_t event = it->event;
+    ecs_entity_t event_id = it->event_id;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        ecs_entity_t e = it->entities[i];
+        
+        if (event == EcsOnAdd) {
+            printf(" - Enter: %s: %s\n", 
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, e));
+        } else if (event == EcsOnRemove) {
+            printf(" - Leave: %s: %s\n", 
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, e));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Velocity);
+
+    ecs_observer(ecs, {
+        .filter = { .terms = {{ .id = ecs_id(Position) }, { .id = ecs_id(Velocity) }}},
+        .events = { EcsMonitor }, // Monitor entities entering/leaving the query
+        .callback = Observer,
+    });
+
+    // Create entity
+    ecs_entity_t e = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e");
+
+    // This does not yet trigger the monitor, as the entity does not yet match.
+    ecs_set(ecs, e, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    // This triggers the monitor with EcsOnAdd, as the entity now matches.
+    ecs_set(ecs, e, Velocity, {1, 2});
+
+    // This triggers the monitor with EcsOnRemove, as the entity no longer matches.
+    ecs_remove(ecs, e, Position);
+
+    ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output
+    //   - Enter: Velocity: e
+    //   - Leave: Position: e
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/propagate/include/propagate.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef PROPAGATE_H
+#define PROPAGATE_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "propagate/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/propagate/include/propagate/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef PROPAGATE_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define PROPAGATE_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/propagate/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "propagate",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/propagate/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#include <propagate.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Events are propagated along relationship edges. This means that observers can
+// listen for events from a parent or prefab, like triggering when a component
+// inherited from a prefab was set.
+//
+// Event propagation happens automatically when an observer contains a filter
+// with the EcsUp flag set (indicating upwards traversal). Observers use the 
+// same matching logic as queries: if a query with upwards traversal matches an
+// entity, so will an observer.
+//
+// Events are only propagated along traversable relationship edges.
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+void Observer(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = it->world;
+    
+    // The event kind
+    ecs_entity_t event = it->event;
+
+    // The (component) id for which the event was emitted
+    ecs_entity_t event_id = it->event_id;
+
+    // Grab Position from self and parent
+    Position *p_self = ecs_field(it, Position, 1);
+    Position *p_parent = ecs_field(it, Position, 2);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        ecs_entity_t e = it->entities[i];
+
+        printf(" - %s: %s: %s: self: {%f, %f}, parent: {%f, %f}\n", 
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event), 
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, e),
+            p_self[i].x, p_self[i].y,
+            p_parent[i].x, p_parent[i].y);
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+
+    // Create observer that listens for events from both self and parent
+    ecs_observer(ecs, {
+        .filter = { .terms = {
+            // Listen for Position events from self
+            { .id = ecs_id(Position) },
+            // Listen for Position events from parent
+            { .id = ecs_id(Position), .src.flags = EcsUp, .src.trav = EcsChildOf }
+        }},
+        .events = { EcsOnSet },
+        .callback = Observer
+    });
+
+    // Create entity and parent
+    ecs_entity_t p = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "p");
+    ecs_entity_t e = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "p.e"); // Create as child of p
+
+    // Set Position on entity. This doesn't trigger the observer yet, since the
+    // parent doesn't have Position yet.
+    ecs_set(ecs, e, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    // Set Position on parent. This event will be propagated and trigger the 
+    // observer, as the observer query now matches.
+    ecs_set(ecs, p, Position, {1, 2});
+
+    ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output
+    //   - OnSet: Position: e: self: {10.000000, 20.000000}, parent: {1.000000, 2.000000}
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/two_components/include/two_components.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef TWO_COMPONENTS_H
+#define TWO_COMPONENTS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "two_components/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/two_components/include/two_components/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef TWO_COMPONENTS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define TWO_COMPONENTS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/two_components/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "two_components",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/two_components/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include <two_components.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// An observer can match multiple components/tags. Only entities that match the
+// entire observer filter will be forwarded to the callback. For example, an
+// observer for Position,Velocity won't match an entity that only has Position.
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position, Velocity;
+
+void Observer(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = it->world;
+
+    ecs_entity_t event = it->event;
+    ecs_entity_t event_id = it->event_id;
+
+    Position *p = ecs_field(it, Position, 1);
+    Velocity *v = ecs_field(it, Velocity, 2);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        ecs_entity_t e = it->entities[i];
+        printf("%s: %s: %s: p: {%f, %f} v: {%f, %f}\n",
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event),
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, e),
+            p[i].x, p[i].y,
+            v[i].x, v[i].y);
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Velocity);
+
+    ECS_OBSERVER(ecs, Observer, EcsOnSet, Position, Velocity);
+
+    // Create entity
+    ecs_entity_t e = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e");
+    
+    // Set Position (emits EcsOnSet, does not yet match observer)
+    ecs_set(ecs, e, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    // Set Velocity (emits EcsOnSet, matches observer)
+    ecs_set(ecs, e, Velocity, {1, 2});
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output:
+    //   OnSet: Velocity: e: p: {10.000000, 20.000000} v: {1.000000, 2.000000}
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/yield_existing/include/yield_existing.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef YIELD_EXISTING_H
+#define YIELD_EXISTING_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "yield_existing/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/yield_existing/include/yield_existing/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef YIELD_EXISTING_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define YIELD_EXISTING_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/yield_existing/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "yield_existing",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/observers/yield_existing/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#include <yield_existing.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Observers can enable a "yield_existing" feature that upon creation of the
+// observer produces events for all entities that match the observer query. The
+// feature is only implemented for the builtin EcsOnAdd and EcsOnSet events.
+//
+// Custom events can also implement behavior for yield_existing by adding the
+// Iterable component to the event (see EcsIterable for more details).
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+void Observer(ecs_iter_t *it) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = it->world;
+
+    ecs_entity_t event = it->event;
+    ecs_entity_t event_id = it->event_id;
+    Position *p = ecs_field(it, Position, 1);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < it->count; i ++) {
+        ecs_entity_t e = it->entities[i];
+        printf(" - %s: %s: %s: {%f, %f}\n", 
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event), 
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, event_id),
+            ecs_get_name(ecs, e),
+            p[i].x, p[i].y);
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+
+    // Create existing entities with Position component
+    ecs_entity_t e1 = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e1");
+    ecs_set(ecs, e1, Position, {10, 20});
+    ecs_entity_t e2 = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e2");
+    ecs_set(ecs, e2, Position, {20, 30});
+
+    ecs_observer(ecs, {
+        .filter = { .terms = {{ .id = ecs_id(Position) }}},
+        .events = { EcsOnSet },
+        .callback = Observer,
+        .yield_existing = true // Trigger for existing matching entities
+    });
+
+    ecs_fini(ecs);
+
+    // Output
+    //   - OnSet: Position: e1: {10.000000, 20.000000}
+    //   - OnSet: Position: e2: {20.000000, 30.000000}
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/basics/include/basics.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "basics/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/basics/include/basics/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/basics/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+    "id": "basics",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "description": "A simple hello world flecs application",
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/basics/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#include <basics.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Prefabs are entities that can be used as templates for other entities. They
+// are created with a builtin Prefab tag, which by default excludes them from
+// queries and systems.
+//
+// Prefab instances are entities that have an IsA relationship to the prefab.
+// The IsA relationship causes instances to inherit the components from the 
+// prefab. By default all instances for a prefab share its components. 
+//
+// Inherited components save memory as they only need to be stored once for all
+// prefab instances. They also speed up the creation of prefabs, as inherited
+// components don't need to be copied to the instances.
+//
+// To get a private copy of a component, an instance can add it which is called 
+// an override. Overrides can be manual (by using add) or automatic (see the
+// override example).
+//
+// If a prefab has children, adding the IsA relationship instantiates the prefab
+// children for the instance (see hierarchy example).
+
+typedef struct { double value; } Defense;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Defense);
+
+    // Create a SpaceShip prefab with a Defense component.
+    ecs_entity_t SpaceShip = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "SpaceShip");
+    ecs_set(ecs, SpaceShip, Defense, {50});
+
+    // Create a prefab instance
+    ecs_entity_t inst = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "my_spaceship");
+    ecs_add_pair(ecs, inst, EcsIsA, SpaceShip);
+
+    // Because of the IsA relationship, the instance now shares the Defense
+    // component with the prefab, and can be retrieved as a regular component:
+    const Defense *d_inst = ecs_get(ecs, inst, Defense);
+    printf("defense: %f\n", d_inst->value);
+
+    // Because the component is shared, changing the value on the prefab will
+    // also change the value for the instance:
+    ecs_set(ecs, SpaceShip, Defense, { 100 });
+    printf("defense after set: %f\n", d_inst->value); // now prints 100
+
+    // Prefab components can be iterated like regular components:
+    ecs_query_t *q = ecs_query(ecs, {
+        .filter.terms = {
+            { .id = ecs_id(Defense) }
+        }
+    });
+
+    ecs_iter_t it = ecs_query_iter(ecs, q);
+    while (ecs_query_next(&it)) {
+        Defense *d = ecs_field(&it, Defense, 1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            printf("%s: defense: %f\n", 
+                ecs_get_name(ecs, it.entities[i]), d[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Output:
+    //  defense: 50.000000
+    //  defense after set: 100.000000
+    //  my_spaceship: defense: 100.000000
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}
+
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/hierarchy/include/hierarchy.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef HIERARCHY_H
+#define HIERARCHY_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "hierarchy/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/hierarchy/include/hierarchy/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef HIERARCHY_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define HIERARCHY_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/hierarchy/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "hierarchy",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/hierarchy/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#include <hierarchy.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// When a prefab has children, they are instantiated for an instance when the
+// IsA relationship to the prefab is added.
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    // Create a prefab hierarchy.
+    ecs_entity_t SpaceShip = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "SpaceShip");
+        ecs_entity_t SpaceShipEngine = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Engine");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, SpaceShipEngine, EcsChildOf, SpaceShip);
+    
+        ecs_entity_t SpaceShipCockpit = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Cockpit");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, SpaceShipCockpit, EcsChildOf, SpaceShip);
+
+    // Instantiate the prefab. This also creates an Engine and Cockpit child
+    // for the instance.
+    ecs_entity_t inst = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "my_spaceship");
+    ecs_add_pair(ecs, inst, EcsIsA, SpaceShip);
+    ecs_entity_t inst_engine = ecs_lookup_child(ecs, inst, "Engine");
+    ecs_entity_t inst_cockpit = ecs_lookup_child(ecs, inst, "Cockpit");
+
+    char *path = ecs_get_fullpath(ecs, inst_engine);
+    printf("instance engine:  %s\n", path);
+    ecs_os_free(path);
+
+    path = ecs_get_fullpath(ecs, inst_cockpit);
+    printf("instance cockpit: %s\n", path);
+    ecs_os_free(path);
+
+    // Output:
+    //  instance engine:  my_spaceship.Engine
+    //  instance cockpit: my_spaceship.Cockpit
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/nested_prefabs/include/nested_prefabs.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef NESTED_PREFABS_H
+#define NESTED_PREFABS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "nested_prefabs/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/nested_prefabs/include/nested_prefabs/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef NESTED_PREFABS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define NESTED_PREFABS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/nested_prefabs/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "nested_prefabs",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/nested_prefabs/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#include <nested_prefabs.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Nested prefabs make it possible to reuse an existing prefab inside another
+// prefab. An example of where this could be useful is a car with four wheels:
+// instead of defining four times what a wheel is a Car prefab can reference an 
+// existing Wheel prefab.
+//
+// Nested prefabs can be created by adding a child that is a variant (inherits 
+// from) another prefab. For more information on variants, see the variants
+// example.
+//
+// Instantiated children from a nested prefab still inherit from the original
+// prefab. The reason for this is that an instantiated child is an exact copy
+// of the prefab child, and the prefab child only has an IsA relationship to the
+// nested prefab.
+//
+// This example shows how auto overriding (see the auto override example) can be
+// used to give instantiated children from a nested prefab a private copy of an
+// inherited component.
+
+typedef struct {
+    double value;
+} TirePressure;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, TirePressure);
+
+    // Create a Wheel prefab, make sure each instantiated wheel has a private
+    // copy of the TirePressure component.
+    ecs_entity_t Wheel = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Wheel");
+    ecs_set(ecs, Wheel, TirePressure, { 32 });
+    ecs_override(ecs, Wheel, TirePressure);
+
+    // Create a Car prefab with four wheels. Note how the wheel names are
+    // prefixed with 'Car.', this is has the same effect as adding the
+    // (ChildOf, Car) relationship.
+    ecs_entity_t Car = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Car");
+        ecs_entity_t WheelFrontLeft = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Car.FrontLeft");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, WheelFrontLeft, EcsIsA, Wheel);
+
+        ecs_entity_t WheelFrontRight = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Car.FrontRight");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, WheelFrontRight, EcsIsA, Wheel);
+
+        ecs_entity_t WheelBackLeft = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Car.BackLeft");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, WheelBackLeft, EcsIsA, Wheel);
+
+        ecs_entity_t WheelBackRight = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Car.BackRight");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, WheelBackRight, EcsIsA, Wheel);
+
+    // Create a prefab instance.
+    ecs_entity_t inst = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "my_car");
+    ecs_add_pair(ecs, inst, EcsIsA, Car);
+
+    // Lookup one of the wheels
+    ecs_entity_t inst_front_left = ecs_lookup_child(ecs, inst, "FrontLeft");
+    
+    // The type shows that the child has a private copy of the TirePressure
+    // component, and an IsA relationship to the Wheel prefab.
+    char *type = ecs_type_str(ecs, ecs_get_type(ecs, inst_front_left));
+    printf("type: [%s]\n", type);
+    ecs_os_free(type);
+
+    // Get the TirePressure component & print its value
+    const TirePressure *p = ecs_get(ecs, inst_front_left, TirePressure);
+    printf("pressure: %f\n", p->value);
+
+    // Output
+    //  type: [TirePressure, (Identifier,Name), (ChildOf,my_car), (IsA,Wheel)]
+    //  pressure: 32.000000
+    
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/override/include/override.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef OVERRIDE_H
+#define OVERRIDE_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "override/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/override/include/override/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef OVERRIDE_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define OVERRIDE_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/override/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "override",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/override/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#include <override.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Overriding makes it possible for a prefab instance to obtain a private copy
+// of an inherited component. To override a component the regular add operation
+// is used. The overridden component will be initialized with the value of the
+// inherited component.
+//
+// In some cases a prefab instance should always have a private copy of an 
+// inherited component. This can be achieved with an auto override which can be
+// added to a prefab. Components with an auto override are automatically 
+// overridden when the prefab is instantiated.
+
+typedef struct {
+    double value;
+} Attack, Defense, Damage;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Attack);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Defense);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Damage);
+
+    ecs_entity_t SpaceShip = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "SpaceShip");
+
+    // Attack and Defense are properties that can be shared across many 
+    // spaceships. This saves memory, and speeds up prefab creation as we don't
+    // have to copy the values of Attack and Defense to private components.
+    ecs_set(ecs, SpaceShip, Attack, { 75 });
+    ecs_set(ecs, SpaceShip, Defense, { 100 });
+
+    // Damage is a property that is private to a spaceship, so add an auto
+    // override for it. This ensures that each prefab instance will have a
+    // private copy of the component.
+    ecs_set(ecs, SpaceShip, Damage, { 0 });
+    ecs_override(ecs, SpaceShip, Damage);
+
+    // Create a prefab instance.
+    ecs_entity_t inst = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "my_instance");
+    ecs_add_pair(ecs, inst, EcsIsA, SpaceShip);
+    
+    // The entity will now have a private copy of the Damage component, but not
+    // of the Attack and Defense components. We can see this when we look at the
+    // type of the instance:
+    char *type = ecs_type_str(ecs, ecs_get_type(ecs, inst));
+    printf("instance type = [%s]\n", type);
+    ecs_os_free(type);
+
+    // Even though Attack was not automatically overridden, we can always 
+    // override it manually afterwards by adding it:
+    ecs_add(ecs, inst, Attack);
+
+    // The Attack component now shows up in the entity type:
+    type = ecs_type_str(ecs, ecs_get_type(ecs, inst));
+    printf("instance type = [%s]\n", type);
+    ecs_os_free(type);
+
+    // We can get all components on the instance, regardless of whether they
+    // are overridden or not. Note that the overridden components (Attack and
+    // Damage) are initialized with the values from the prefab component:
+    const Attack *attack = ecs_get(ecs, inst, Attack);
+    const Defense *defense = ecs_get(ecs, inst, Defense);
+    const Damage *damage = ecs_get(ecs, inst, Damage);
+
+    printf("attack: %f\n", attack->value);
+    printf("defense: %f\n", defense->value);
+    printf("damage: %f\n", damage->value);
+
+    // Output:
+    //  instance type = [Damage, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,SpaceShip)]
+    //  instance type = [Attack, Damage, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,SpaceShip)]
+    //  attack: 75.000000
+    //  defense: 100.000000
+    //  damage: 0.000000
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/slots/include/slots.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef SLOTS_H
+#define SLOTS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "slots/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/slots/include/slots/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef SLOTS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define SLOTS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/slots/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "slots",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/slots/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#include <slots.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Slots can be combined with prefab hierarchies to make it easier to access
+// the child entities created for an instance.
+//
+// To create a slot, the SlotOf relationship is added to the child of a prefab,
+// with as relationship target the prefab for which to register the slot. When
+// the prefab is instantiated, each slot will be added as a relationship pair
+// to the instance that looks like this:
+//   (PrefabChild, InstanceChild)
+//
+// For a SpaceShip prefab and an Engine child, that pair would look like this:
+//   (SpaceShip.Engine, Instance.Engine)
+//
+// To get the entity for a slot, an application can use the regular functions
+// to inspect relationships and relationship targets (see code).
+//
+// Slots can be added to any level of a prefab hierarchy, as long as it is above
+// (a parent of) the slot itself. When the prefab tree is instantiated, the 
+// slots are added to the entities that correspond with the prefab children.
+//
+// Without slots, an application would have to rely on manually looking up 
+// entities by name to get access to the instantiated children, like what the
+// hierarchy example does.
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    // Create the same prefab hierarchy as from the hierarchy example, but now
+    // with the SlotOf relationship.
+    ecs_entity_t SpaceShip = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "SpaceShip");
+        ecs_entity_t Engine = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Engine");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, Engine, EcsChildOf, SpaceShip);
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, Engine, EcsSlotOf, SpaceShip);
+    
+        ecs_entity_t Cockpit = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Cockpit");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, Cockpit, EcsChildOf, SpaceShip);
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, Cockpit, EcsSlotOf, SpaceShip);
+
+        // Add an additional child to the Cockpit prefab to demonstrate how 
+        // slots can be different from the parent. This slot could have been
+        // added to the Cockpit prefab, but instead we register it on the top
+        // level SpaceShip prefab.
+        ecs_entity_t PilotSeat = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "PilotSeat");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, PilotSeat, EcsChildOf, Cockpit);
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, PilotSeat, EcsSlotOf, SpaceShip);
+
+    // Create a prefab instance.
+    ecs_entity_t inst = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "my_spaceship");
+    ecs_add_pair(ecs, inst, EcsIsA, SpaceShip);
+
+    // Get the instantiated entities for the prefab slots
+    ecs_entity_t inst_engine = ecs_get_target(ecs, inst, Engine, 0);
+    ecs_entity_t inst_cockpit = ecs_get_target(ecs, inst, Cockpit, 0);
+    ecs_entity_t inst_seat = ecs_get_target(ecs, inst, PilotSeat, 0);
+
+    char *path = ecs_get_fullpath(ecs, inst_engine);
+    printf("instance engine:  %s\n", path);
+    ecs_os_free(path);
+
+    path = ecs_get_fullpath(ecs, inst_cockpit);
+    printf("instance cockpit: %s\n", path);
+    ecs_os_free(path);
+
+    path = ecs_get_fullpath(ecs, inst_seat);
+    printf("instance seat:    %s\n", path);
+    ecs_os_free(path);
+
+    // Output:
+    //  instance engine:  my_spaceship.Engine
+    //  instance cockpit: my_spaceship.Cockpit
+    //  instance seat:    my_spaceship.Cockpit.PilotSeat
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/variant/include/variant.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef VARIANT_H
+#define VARIANT_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "variant/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/variant/include/variant/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef VARIANT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define VARIANT_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/variant/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "variant",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/prefabs/variant/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#include <variant.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/* Prefabs can inherit from each other, which creates prefab variants. With
+ * variants applications can reuse a commmon set of components and specialize it
+ * by adding or overriding components on the variant. */
+
+typedef struct { double value; } Attack;
+typedef struct { double value; } Defense;
+typedef struct { double value; } FreightCapacity;
+typedef struct { double value; } ImpulseSpeed;
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x; 
+    double y; 
+} Position;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Attack);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Defense);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, FreightCapacity);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, ImpulseSpeed);
+
+    // Create a base prefab for SpaceShips.
+    ecs_entity_t SpaceShip = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "SpaceShip");
+    ecs_set(ecs, SpaceShip, ImpulseSpeed, {50});
+    ecs_set(ecs, SpaceShip, Defense, {25});
+
+        // Create a Freighter variant which inherits from SpaceShip
+        ecs_entity_t Freighter = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Freighter");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, Freighter, EcsIsA, SpaceShip);
+        ecs_set(ecs, Freighter, FreightCapacity, {100});
+        ecs_set(ecs, Freighter, Defense, {50});
+
+            // Create a MammothFreighter variant which inherits from Freighter
+            ecs_entity_t MammothFreighter = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "MammothFreighter");
+            ecs_add_pair(ecs, MammothFreighter, EcsIsA, Freighter);
+            ecs_set(ecs, MammothFreighter, FreightCapacity, {500});
+
+        // Create a Frigate variant which inherits from SpaceShip
+        ecs_entity_t Frigate = ecs_new_prefab(ecs, "Frigate");
+        ecs_add_pair(ecs, Frigate, EcsIsA, SpaceShip);
+        ecs_set(ecs, Frigate, Attack, {100});
+        ecs_set(ecs, Frigate, Defense, {75});
+        ecs_set(ecs, Frigate, ImpulseSpeed, {125});
+
+
+    // Create an instance of the MammothFreighter. This entity will inherit the
+    // ImpulseSpeed from SpaceShip, Defense from Freighter and FreightCapacity
+    // from MammothFreighter.
+    ecs_entity_t inst = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "my_freighter");
+    ecs_add_pair(ecs, inst, EcsIsA, MammothFreighter);
+
+    // Add a private Position component.
+    ecs_set(ecs, inst, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    // Instances can override inherited components to give them a private copy
+    // of the component. This freighter got an armor upgrade:
+    ecs_set(ecs, inst, Defense, {100});
+
+    // Queries can match components from multiple levels of inheritance
+    ecs_query_t *q = ecs_query(ecs, {
+        .filter.terms = {
+            { .id = ecs_id(Position) },
+            { .id = ecs_id(ImpulseSpeed) }, 
+            { .id = ecs_id(Defense) }, 
+            { .id = ecs_id(FreightCapacity) }
+        }
+    });
+
+    ecs_iter_t it = ecs_query_iter(ecs, q);
+    while (ecs_query_next(&it)) {
+        Position  *p = ecs_field(&it, Position, 1);
+        ImpulseSpeed *s = ecs_field(&it, ImpulseSpeed, 2);
+        Defense *d = ecs_field(&it, Defense, 3);
+        FreightCapacity *c = ecs_field(&it, FreightCapacity, 4);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            printf("%s:\n", ecs_get_name(ecs, it.entities[i]));
+            printf(" - position: %f, %f\n", p[i].x, p[i].y);
+            printf(" - impulse speed: %f\n", s[i].value);
+            printf(" - defense: %f\n", d[i].value);
+            printf(" - capacity: %f\n", c[i].value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Note that when matching tables with shared components, entities are
+    // returned one by one. See the queries/instancing example for more details.
+
+    // Output:
+    //  my_freighter:
+    //   - position: 10.000000, 20.000000
+    //   - impulse speed: 50.000000
+    //   - defense: 100.000000
+    //   - capacity: 500.000000
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/basics/include/basics.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "basics/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/basics/include/basics/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define BASICS_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/basics/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+    "id": "basics",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "author": "Jane Doe",
+        "description": "A simple hello world flecs application",
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/basics/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#include <basics.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x;
+    double y;
+} Position, Velocity;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Velocity);
+
+    // Create a query for Position, Velocity. Queries are the fastest way to
+    // iterate entities as they cache results.
+    ecs_query_t *q = ecs_query(ecs, {
+        .filter.terms = {
+            { .id = ecs_id(Position) }, 
+            { .id = ecs_id(Velocity), .inout = EcsIn}
+        }
+    });
+
+    // Create a few test entities for a Position, Velocity query
+    ecs_entity_t e1 = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e1");
+    ecs_set(ecs, e1, Position, {10, 20});
+    ecs_set(ecs, e1, Velocity, {1, 2});
+
+    ecs_entity_t e2 = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e2");
+    ecs_set(ecs, e2, Position, {10, 20});
+    ecs_set(ecs, e2, Velocity, {3, 4});
+
+    // This entity will not match as it does not have Position, Velocity
+    ecs_entity_t e3 = ecs_new_entity(ecs, "e3");
+    ecs_set(ecs, e3, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    // Iterate entities matching the query
+    ecs_iter_t it = ecs_query_iter(ecs, q);
+
+    // Outer loop, iterates archetypes
+    while (ecs_query_next(&it)) {
+        Position *p = ecs_field(&it, Position, 1);
+        const Velocity *v = ecs_field(&it, Velocity, 2);
+
+        // Inner loop, iterates entities in archetype
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            p[i].x += v[i].x;
+            p[i].y += v[i].y;
+            printf("%s: {%f, %f}\n", ecs_get_name(ecs, it.entities[i]), 
+                p[i].x, p[i].y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Filters are uncached queries. They are a bit slower to iterate but faster
+    // to create & have lower overhead as they don't have to maintain a cache.
+    ecs_filter_t *f = ecs_filter(ecs, {
+        .terms = {
+            { .id = ecs_id(Position) }, 
+            { .id = ecs_id(Velocity), .inout = EcsIn}
+        }
+    });
+
+    // Filter iteration looks the same as query iteration
+    it = ecs_filter_iter(ecs, f);
+
+    while (ecs_filter_next(&it)) {
+        Position *p = ecs_field(&it, Position, 1);
+        const Velocity *v = ecs_field(&it, Velocity, 2);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            p[i].x += v[i].x;
+            p[i].y += v[i].y;
+            printf("%s: {%f, %f}\n", ecs_get_name(ecs, it.entities[i]), 
+                p[i].x, p[i].y);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Cleanup filter. Filters can allocate memory if the number of terms 
+    // exceeds their internal buffer, or when terms have names. In this case the
+    // filter didn't allocate, so while fini isn't strictly necessary here, it's
+    // still good practice to add it.
+    ecs_filter_fini(f);
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/change_tracking/include/change_tracking.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef CHANGE_TRACKING_H
+#define CHANGE_TRACKING_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "change_tracking/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/change_tracking/include/change_tracking/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef CHANGE_TRACKING_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define CHANGE_TRACKING_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/change_tracking/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "change_tracking",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/change_tracking/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#include <change_tracking.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Queries have a builtin mechanism for tracking changes per matched table. This
+// is a cheap way of eliminating redundant work, as many entities can be skipped
+// with a single check. 
+// 
+// This example shows how to use change tracking in combination with a few other
+// techniques, like using prefabs to store a single dirty state for multiple
+// entities and instanced queries.
+
+typedef struct {
+    bool value;
+} Dirty;
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *world = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(world, Dirty);
+    ECS_COMPONENT(world, Position);
+
+    // Create a query that just reads a component. We'll use this query for
+    // change tracking. Change tracking for a query is automatically enabled
+    // when query::changed() is called.
+    // Each query has its own private dirty state which is reset only when the
+    // query is iterated.
+    ecs_query_t *q_read = ecs_query(world, {
+        .filter.terms = {{ .id = ecs_id(Position), .inout = EcsIn }}
+    });
+
+    // Create a query that writes the component based on a Dirty state.
+    ecs_query_t *q_write = ecs_query(world, {
+        .filter = {
+            .terms = {
+                // Only match if Dirty is shared from prefab
+                { 
+                    .id = ecs_id(Dirty), 
+                    .inout = EcsIn,
+                    .src.flags = EcsUp 
+                },
+                { .id = ecs_id(Position) }
+            },
+            .instanced = true // Instanced iteration is faster (see example)
+        }
+    });
+
+    // Create two prefabs with a Dirty component. We can use this to share a
+    // single Dirty value for all entities in a table.
+    ecs_entity_t p1 = ecs_new_prefab(world, "p1");
+    ecs_set(world, p1, Dirty, {false});
+
+    ecs_entity_t p2 = ecs_new_prefab(world, "p2");
+    ecs_set(world, p2, Dirty, {true});
+
+    // Create instances of p1 and p2. Because the entities have different
+    // prefabs, they end up in different tables.
+    ecs_entity_t e1 = ecs_new_entity(world, "e1");
+    ecs_add_pair(world, e1, EcsIsA, p1);
+    ecs_set(world, e1, Position, {10, 20});
+
+    ecs_entity_t e2 = ecs_new_entity(world, "e2");
+    ecs_add_pair(world, e2, EcsIsA, p1);
+    ecs_set(world, e2, Position, {30, 40});
+
+    ecs_entity_t e3 = ecs_new_entity(world, "e3");
+    ecs_add_pair(world, e3, EcsIsA, p2);
+    ecs_set(world, e3, Position, {50, 60});
+
+    ecs_entity_t e4 = ecs_new_entity(world, "e4");
+    ecs_add_pair(world, e4, EcsIsA, p2);
+    ecs_set(world, e4, Position, {70, 80});
+
+    // We can use the changed() function on the query to check if any of the
+    // tables it is matched with has changed. Since this is the first time that
+    // we check this and the query is matched with the tables we just created,
+    // the function will return true.
+    printf("q_read changed: %d\n", ecs_query_changed(q_read, NULL));
+
+    // The changed state will remain true until we have iterated each table.
+    ecs_iter_t it = ecs_query_iter(world, q_read);
+    while (ecs_query_next(&it)) {
+        // With the it.changed() function we can check if the table we're
+        // currently iterating has changed since last iteration.
+        // Because this is the first time the query is iterated, all tables
+        // will show up as changed.
+        char *table_str = ecs_table_str(world, it.table);
+        printf("it.changed for table [%s]: %d\n", table_str,
+            ecs_query_changed(q_read, &it));
+        ecs_os_free(table_str);
+    }
+
+    // Now that we have iterated all tables, the dirty state is reset.
+    printf("q_read changed: %d\n\n", ecs_query_changed(q_read, NULL));
+
+    // Iterate the write query. Because the Position term is InOut (default)
+    // iterating the query will write to the dirty state of iterated tables.
+    it = ecs_query_iter(world, q_write);
+    while (ecs_query_next(&it)) {
+        Dirty *dirty = ecs_field(&it, Dirty, 1);
+
+        char *table_str = ecs_table_str(world, it.table);
+        printf("iterate table [%s]\n", table_str);
+        ecs_os_free(table_str);
+
+        // Because we enforced that Dirty is a shared component, we can check
+        // a single value for the entire table.
+        if (!dirty->value) {
+            ecs_query_skip(&it);
+            table_str = ecs_table_str(world, it.table);
+            printf("it.skip for table [%s]\n", table_str);
+            ecs_os_free(table_str);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        Position *p = ecs_field(&it, Position, 2);
+
+        // For all other tables the dirty state will be set.
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            p[i].x ++;
+            p[i].y ++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // One of the tables has changed, so q_read.changed() will return true
+    printf("\nq_read changed: %d\n", ecs_query_changed(q_read, NULL));
+
+    // When we iterate the read query, we'll see that one table has changed.
+    it = ecs_query_iter(world, q_read);
+    while (ecs_query_next(&it)) {
+        char *table_str = ecs_table_str(world, it.table);
+        printf("it.changed for table [%s]: %d\n", table_str,
+            ecs_query_changed(q_read, &it));
+        ecs_os_free(table_str);
+    }
+
+    // Output:
+    //  q_read.changed(): 1
+    //  it.changed() for table [Position, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,p1)]: 1
+    //  it.changed() for table [Position, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,p2)]: 1
+    //  q_read.changed(): 0
+    //  
+    //  iterate table [Position, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,p1)]
+    //  it.skip() for table [Position, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,p1)]
+    //  iterate table [Position, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,p2)]
+    //  
+    //  q_read.changed(): 1
+    //  it.changed() for table [Position, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,p1)]: 0
+    //  it.changed() for table [Position, (Identifier,Name), (IsA,p2)]: 1
+
+    return ecs_fini(world);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/group_by/include/group_by.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef GROUP_BY_H
+#define GROUP_BY_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "group_by/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/group_by/include/group_by/bake_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+                                   )
+                                  (.)
+                                  .|.
+                                  | |
+                              _.--| |--._
+                           .-';  ;`-'& ; `&.
+                          \   &  ;    &   &_/
+                           |"""---...---"""|
+                           \ | | | | | | | /
+                            `---.|.|.|.---'
+
+ * This file is generated by bake.lang.c for your convenience. Headers of
+ * dependencies will automatically show up in this file. Include bake_config.h
+ * in your main project file. Do not edit! */
+
+#ifndef GROUP_BY_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+#define GROUP_BY_BAKE_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Headers of public dependencies */
+#include <flecs.h>
+
+#endif
+

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/group_by/project.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+    "id": "group_by",
+    "type": "application",
+    "value": {
+        "use": [
+            "flecs"
+        ],
+        "public": false
+    }
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/group_by/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#include <group_by.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Group by is a feature of cached queries that allows applications to assign a
+// group id to each matched table. Tables that are assigned the same group id
+// are stored together in "groups". This ensures that when a query is iterated,
+// tables that share a group are iterated together.
+//
+// Groups in the cache are ordered by group id, which ensures that tables with
+// lower ids are iterated before table with higher ids. This is the same 
+// mechanism that is used by the cascade feature, which groups tables by depth
+// in a relationship hierarchy.
+//
+// This makes groups a more efficient, though less granular mechanism for 
+// ordering entities. Order is maintained at the group level, which means that
+// once a group is created, tables can get added and removed to the group
+// with is an O(1) operation.
+//
+// Groups can also be used as an efficient filtering mechanism. See the 
+// group_iter example for more details.
+
+typedef struct {
+    double x, y;
+} Position;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    ecs_world_t *ecs = ecs_init_w_args(argc, argv);
+
+    ECS_COMPONENT(ecs, Position);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Tag); // Dummy tag to put entities in different tables
+
+    // Create a relationship to use for the group_by function. Tables will
+    // be assigned the relationship target as group id
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Group);
+
+    // Targets for the relationship, which will be used as group ids.
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, First);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Second);
+    ECS_TAG(ecs, Third);
+
+    // Grouped query
+    ecs_query_t *q = ecs_query(ecs, {
+        .filter.terms = {
+            { .id = ecs_id(Position) }
+        },
+        // Group tables by the relationship target of the "Group" relationship.
+        // A custom group_by function can be provided to derive a group id from
+        // a table, see the group_by_custom example for more details.
+        .group_by_id = Group
+    });
+
+    // Create entities in 6 different tables with 3 group ids
+    ecs_entity_t e1 = ecs_new_w_pair(ecs, Group, Third);
+    ecs_set(ecs, e1, Position, {1, 1});
+
+    ecs_entity_t e2 = ecs_new_w_pair(ecs, Group, Second);
+    ecs_set(ecs, e2, Position, {2, 2});
+
+    ecs_entity_t e3 = ecs_new_w_pair(ecs, Group, First);
+    ecs_set(ecs, e3, Position, {3, 3});
+
+    ecs_entity_t e4 = ecs_new_w_pair(ecs, Group, Third);
+    ecs_set(ecs, e4, Position, {4, 4});
+    ecs_add(ecs, e4, Tag);
+
+    ecs_entity_t e5 = ecs_new_w_pair(ecs, Group, Second);
+    ecs_set(ecs, e5, Position, {5, 5});
+    ecs_add(ecs, e5, Tag);
+
+    ecs_entity_t e6 = ecs_new_w_pair(ecs, Group, First);
+    ecs_set(ecs, e6, Position, {6, 6});
+    ecs_add(ecs, e6, Tag);
+
+    // The query cache now looks like this:
+    //  - group First:
+    //     - table [Position, (Group, First)]
+    //     - table [Postion, Tag, (Group, First)]
+    //
+    //  - group Second:
+    //     - table [Position, (Group, Second)]
+    //     - table [Postion, Tag, (Group, Second)]
+    //  
+    //  - group Third:
+    //     - table [Position, (Group, Third)]
+    //     - table [Postion, Tag, (Group, Third)]
+    //
+
+    // Iterate query, print position & table components
+    ecs_iter_t it = ecs_query_iter(ecs, q);
+    while (ecs_query_next(&it)) {
+        Position *p = ecs_field(&it, Position, 1);
+        char *table_str = ecs_table_str(ecs, it.table);
+        char *group_str = ecs_get_fullpath(ecs, it.group_id);
+
+        printf(" - group %s: table [%s]\n", group_str, table_str);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < it.count; i ++) {
+            printf("     {%f, %f}\n", p[i].x, p[i].y);
+        }
+
+        ecs_os_free(group_str);
+        ecs_os_free(table_str);
+        printf("\n");
+    }
+
+    // Output:
+    //  - group First: table [Position, (Group,First)]
+    //      {3.000000, 3.000000}
+    // 
+    //  - group First: table [Position, Tag, (Group,First)]
+    //      {6.000000, 6.000000}
+    // 
+    //  - group Second: table [Position, (Group,Second)]
+    //      {2.000000, 2.000000}
+    // 
+    //  - group Second: table [Position, Tag, (Group,Second)]
+    //      {5.000000, 5.000000}
+    // 
+    //  - group Third: table [Position, (Group,Third)]
+    //      {1.000000, 1.000000}
+    // 
+    //  - group Third: table [Position, Tag, (Group,Third)]
+    //      {4.000000, 4.000000}
+
+    return ecs_fini(ecs);
+}

engine/libs/flecs/examples/c/queries/group_by_callbacks/include/group_by_callbacks.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef GROUP_BY_CALLBACKS_H
+#define GROUP_BY_CALLBACKS_H
+
+/* This generated file contains includes for project dependencies */
+#include "group_by_callbacks/bake_config.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+